桥梁施工中实用新技术的应用

根据桥梁施工的多年实践，针对钻孔灌桩钢筋笼定位筋制作、梁板底膜预制与泄水孔预留、小型混凝土垫块制备，临时支座制作，桥面混凝土标高控制与钢筋网的保护及防水层、粘结层的设置，混凝土构件的养生等几方面施工难题，列举了一些新工艺、新方法，提出几种比较实用的应用技术。     

城市轨道交通项目建设条件指标研究

针对申报建设城市轨道交通的项目,系统研究高峰小时单向最大断面客流量、线路各期客运强度、规划建设期内地方政府资本金出资额占地方一般预算财政收入的比例以及全部出资额占城市维护建设财政性资金的比例等4个项目建设条件指标,为我国城市轨道交通近期建设规划、近期项目比选上报和评估提供参考依据。     

海南环岛高铁列控系统实施方案特殊处理

新建海南西环线建成后与海南东环线共同构成了全球首条环岛高速铁路,以海南环岛高铁为例,对环形高速铁路列控系统中信号安全数据网、临时限速、轨道电路载频转换以及应答器报文的特殊处理进行介绍,说明海南环岛高铁列控系统的特殊性。海南环岛高铁的开通运营,也意味着环岛高铁列控系统实施方案的特殊处理得到工程实践检验。     

轨道交通无线通信系统的引入与场强覆盖分析

无线通信不仅应满足城市轨道交通内部专用运营管理和业务需求,而且应提供公共移动通信服务,方便人民群众。那么,除了必须设置专用无线通信系统外,如何引入民用无线通信系统、如何避免相互影响以及系统设备共用等问题的解决,将保证无线通信质量的要求,避免无线通信系统的无序、重复建设和浪费资源。     

CTCS-2系统应答器设置问题探讨

分析了CTCS-2级列控系统现有应答器设置和管辖范围存在的问题,通过增设应答器并对其管辖范围进行合理划分,解决了现有应答器设置和管辖范围存在的问题,保证在任何一个限速区段内能够接收到两个应答器的信息,且应答器与下一个应答器信息进行冗余,提高了临时限速信息向列控车载设备提供的可靠性;取消了进站信号机降级显示,提高了运输效率。     

轨道交通供电系统功率因数分析及补偿方案研究

研究目的:近年来我国轨道交通建设事业迅猛发展,但功率因数问题一直是困扰轨道交通供电系统的重要问题,常常导致电力部门的高额罚款。为提高功率因数,需对无功补偿方案进行研究。在分析国内城市轨道交通供电系统无功补偿现状的基础上,通过对整个供电系统综合功率因数的分析计算,研究几种无功补偿方案,并最终确定一种新的综合无功补偿方案。研究结论:城市轨道交通线路的无功补偿方案应根据自身供电系统的实际情况,并通过综合功率因数分析计算或实测分析,来综合考虑采用高压、低压侧相结合的无功补偿方案;在条件允许时,建议采用主所设SVG+各车站变电所0.4 kV侧设APF的综合补偿方案。     

高雄捷运红橘线安全管理系统

讨论轨道交通系统的安全问题。在规划台湾高雄捷运红橘线时,就已考虑在整个生命周期内建立安全管理系统,符合EN50126的标准;在制定兴建运营合约时,就要求在高雄捷运红橘线兴建及运营期间必须实行安全管理,并且在合约内制定安全风险标准(包括可忍受及不可忍受的安全风险水平、执行安全管理过程所需程序等),以确保风险降为"低到合理且实际可行"的情况。重点介绍安全管理系统中的安全管理过程,包括危害辨识、危害分析、风险分析与评估、风险处理等过程,并说明高雄捷运红橘线的安全管理过程。     

Mathematically calculating the transit time of cargo through a liner shipping network with various trans-shipment policies

This paper derives the mathematical expressions for the transit time of cargo through a liner shipping network. Main efforts are devoted to deriving the calculation expressions of the connection time of cargo during trans-shipment. For the forward and many-to-one trans-shipment policies, we conduct a minor correction towards the expressions in existing studies to improve the completeness. Meanwhile, we propose an alternative but more straightforward calculation method for connection time which bypasses the complicated inductive argument in existing studies. Then we introduce two new trans-shipment policies: backward trans-shipment and one-to-many trans-shipment, and mathematically calculate the corresponding connection times. Numerical experiments also deliver some managerial insights into the effectiveness of backward trans-shipment in transit time control.     

Analytical and simulation approaches to understand combined effects of transit signal priority and road-space priority measures

Transit signal priority (TSP) may be combined with road-space priority (RSP) measures to increase its effectiveness. Previous studies have investigated the combination of TSP and RSP measures, such as TSP with dedicated bus lanes (DBLs) and TSP with queue jump lanes (QJLs). However, in these studies, combined effects are usually not compared with separate effects of each measure. In addition, there is no comprehensive study dedicated to understanding combined effects of TSP and RSP measures. It remains unclear whether combining TSP and RSP measures creates an additive effect where the combined effect of TSP and RSP measures is equal to the sum of their separate effects. The existence of such an additive effect would suggest considerable benefits from combining TSP and RSP measures. This paper explores combined effects of TSP and RSP measures, including TSP with DBLs and TSP with QJLs. Analytical results based on time-space diagrams indicate that at an intersection level, the combined effect on bus delay savings is smaller than the additive effect if there is no nearside bus stop and the traffic condition in the base case is under-saturated or near-saturated. With a near-side bus stop, the combined effect on bus delay savings at an intersection level can be better than the additive effect (or over-additive effect), depending on dwell time, distance from the bus stop to the stop line, traffic demand, and cycle length. In addition, analytical results suggest that at an arterial level, the combined effect on bus delay savings can be the over-additive effect with suitable signal offsets. These results are confirmed by a micro-simulation case study. Combined effects on arterial and side-street traffic delays are also discussed.     

Planning hierarchical urban transit systems for reductions in greenhouse gas emissions

Public transit systems with high occupancy can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to low-occupancy transportation modes, but current transit systems have not been designed to reduce environmental impacts. This motivates the study of the benefits of design and operational approaches for reducing the environmental impacts of transit systems. For example, transit agencies may replace level-of-service (LOS) by vehicle miles traveled (VMT) as a criterion in evaluating design and operational changes. In previous work, we explored the unintended consequences of lowering transit LOS on emissions in a single-technology transit system. Herein, we extend the analysis to account for a more realistic case: a transit system with a hierarchical structure (trunk and feeder lines) providing service to a city where demand is elastic. By considering the interactions between the trunk and the feeder systems, we provide a quantitative basis for designing and operating integrated urban transit systems that can reduce GHG emissions and societal costs. We find that highly elastic transit demand may cancel emission reduction potentials resulting from lowering LOS, due to demand shifts to lower occupancy vehicles. However, for mass transit modes, these potentials are still significant. Transit networks with buses, bus rapid transit or light rail as trunk modes should be designed and operated near the cost-optimal point when the demand is highly elastic, while this is not required for metro. We find that the potential for unintended consequences increases with the size of the city. Our results are robust to uncertainties in the costs and emissions parameters.